Author(s):
Waghamare Suresh, Nikam Punam, Ambhore Sakashi
Email(s):
waghasuresh@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/0975-4377.2026.00050 
Address:
Waghamare Suresh1*, Nikam Punam2, Ambhore Sakashi3
1,2,3Rashtriya College of Pharmacy, Hatnoor, Maharashtra, India - 431103.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 18,
Issue - 4,
Year - 2026
ABSTRACT:
The gut microbiota contributes significantly to the host metabolism control since it has a two-way communication with the pancreas to form the gut-pancreatic axis. The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include dysbiosis, loss of microbial diversity, and alterations in both significant taxa (ex: loss of SCFA-producer, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium, butyrate-producing Firmicutes; increased Mechanistically, gut-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), secondary bile acids, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), and indole derivatives, contribute to the effects of the pancreatic b-cells, insulin secretion, glucagon regulation, and islet inflammation through the following pathways: activation of GPR41/43/109A, FXR/TGR5, endotoxemia via TLR4 Such changes support dysfunction of the b-cells, defective glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin, low-grade inflammation, and metabolic memory, and further contribute to the insulin resistance and autoimmune reactions in T1DM. The emerging evidence in human cohort and animal model studies and metagenomic studies points to the role of the axis in diabetic complications and post-pancreatitis diabetes. Probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), dietary fiber regulation, postbiotics and bacteriophage therapy may be applied in the restoration of microbial balance, the generation of SCFA, enhancement of barrier integrity, reduction of inflammation, and glycemic regulation in the preclinical and early clinical setting. Even though strain specificity, individualization and durability remain challenging, it is a promising axis of specific therapeutics of diabetes prevention and management. To apply these findings into effective clinical practice, the additional integration of multi-omics and massive trials are required in the future.
Cite this article:
Waghamare Suresh, Nikam Punam, Ambhore Sakashi. Gut Microbiota–Pancreatic Axis in Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic Insights and Microbiome-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2026; 18(4):359-9. doi: 10.52711/0975-4377.2026.00050
Cite(Electronic):
Waghamare Suresh, Nikam Punam, Ambhore Sakashi. Gut Microbiota–Pancreatic Axis in Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic Insights and Microbiome-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2026; 18(4):359-9. doi: 10.52711/0975-4377.2026.00050 Available on: https://rjpdft.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-18-4-12
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